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grassland animal husbandry

  Current view: In the global context of climate warming, grassland husbandry changes accordingly. Actively respond to climate change’s adverse impact on grassland animal husbandry, and to develop appropriate strategic task is the focus of future work.

Current Guests: China Agricultural University College of Agricultural Meteorology and Environment Studies Standard Pan Head

Interviewer: Coming from our reporter Wu Yue

In recent years, climate change has been the focus of attention, because it is the human production and daily life. Similarly, the climate change impact on grassland animal husbandry is also gradually becoming apparent. In the Chinese Meteorological Society 26th Annual Meeting of experts to discuss the meeting, China Agricultural University College of Agricultural Meteorology and Environment department head Professor Pan Xuebiao on how to deal with climate change on the negative impact of grassland animal husbandry, expressed his views.

   

Dry grass warming induced climate change, many problems of animal husbandry

PAN Xue-Biao, said from the northern grassland animal husbandry in recent years, the overall climate change point of view, showing a warming, drying trend, which resulted in the north east of grassland animal husbandry area rainfall reduction ecotone border, southward.

Grassland animal husbandry in northern areas of climate change, a direct result of the grass plant phenological change, and cause many problems. In the background of global warming, the grass plant phenological changes in biomass in space and time differences become larger. Drying and warming climate led to degradation of grassland ecosystems, while decrease of grassland biodiversity, biomass reduction, reduction of coverage, so that speed up the desertification of grassland, or even a source of dust storm. At the same time, reduce the amount of grass growth makes its carrying capacity has decreased, indirectly leading to the herdsmen’s income levels. In addition, some extreme climate events on forage supply and livestock breeding produces a double effect, and may lead to “white disaster” and “Black God” and the increase in dust hazards. “White Disaster,” also known as “white wind”, the weather is called “blowing snow” or “snow storm”, so that nomadic herders and sheep get lost, serious traffic congestion. As the snow covered grass, or snow ice formation ice shell, livestock grazing is difficult clawed through the snow. If insufficient Storing winter will cause animals from cold and hunger, disease death increased. “Black God” refers to the grasslands of northern China in winter little snow or no snow, so that livestock water shortage, disease epidemic, resulting in the phenomenon of large numbers of livestock deaths. “White disaster” and “Black God” is a tremendous impact on the pastoral areas of disaster.

PAN Xue-Biao, said, according to the current phenomenon of serious grassland degradation in northern grassland ecosystems and grassland livestock production safety are under serious threat. Long-term in a northern grassland full load, overload the use of the state, not only broke through the grassland ecosystem function and self-organization of water, soil, bio-recycling mechanism of bottom line, and beyond the use of grassland during the harvest time limit, resulting in grassland degradation rate year after year. Climate change science to the adverse effects of grassland animal husbandry, is imminent.

Developing key strategies to improve ability of farmers to adapt to climate change

PAN Xue-Biao, said to reporters in the long run, development science to adapt to climate change impacts on grassland animal husbandry strategic tasks, to more scientific and effective response to climate change. The task of this strategy, it is necessary for the grassland animal husbandry in itself, but also contains the capacity of farmers to adapt to climate change education.

First, we should insist on grassland livestock production in harmony with the ecological and environmental protection, we should build a new pastoral nomads living standards and promote the same goal of building through the production conditions, grassland management and herd management are combined to reduce the adverse climate change impact. Efforts to coordinate livestock grass balance, reduce the pressure overload grassland, ecologically fragile areas will be adjusted to the amount of livestock carrying capacity of the balance area under the effective protection of the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry.

Second, we must adopt scientific management methods and increasing areas of grassland animal husbandry of various adaptation technologies, strengthening the response capacity of animal husbandry and pastoral comprehensive resilience and increase the stability of grassland livestock production, caused by climate change temporal pattern of disasters on the new changes and extreme events.

How will the strategic focus of the task fell to the concrete with reality? Professor Pan Xuebiao introduces several scientific and effective response. Adhere to an appropriate balance between livestock grazing principles, you can take reasonable rotation grazing and seasonal grazing, fencing and grazing, and other measures to reduce the intensity of grazing. By playing in storing, Peng Quan construction work to strengthen pastoral production capacity, improve the capacity of disaster and disaster prevention. Farming combined with full use of crop residues and agricultural areas of direct production of forage in the animal husbandry production.

At the same time, PAN Xue-Biao suggested that government departments should develop pastoral insurance, forage reserves, ecological compensation and related policies to support adaptation to climate change grassland animal husbandry. In a policy context for the guidance, but also to strengthen training and management of grassland for grazing, especially farmers and herdsmen to improve adaptation to climate change awareness and knowledge on climate change publicity and popularity of farmers consciously enhance the ability to adapt to climate change.